F-16C Fighting Falcon
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F-16C Fighting Falcon

车辆背景与资料

通用动力公司(现洛克希德·马丁公司)F-16 Fighting Falcon 是一款美国单引擎超音速多用途第四代战斗机,由通用动力公司研发,并由多家公司生产,包括通用动力公司(直至1993年)和洛克希德·马丁公司(直至2017年)。该机最初设计为空优昼间战斗机,后发展成为一款成功的全天候多用途飞机,自1976年以来已生产超过4,600架。尽管早期型号已停产,但洛克希德·马丁公司F-16V Viper家族的改进型号仍在洛克希德·马丁公司的新生产设施中制造并升级用于出口。截至2026年[更新],它是全球现役最常见的固定翼飞机,F-16家族中有2,102架在役,占所有现役作战飞机的15%。

该机最初由通用动力公司于1974年研发。1993年,通用动力公司将其飞机制造业务出售给洛克希德公司,后者于1995年与马丁·玛丽埃塔公司合并后成为洛克希德·马丁公司的一部分。

F-16的关键特征包括:无框架气泡座舱盖以增强座舱视野、侧置操纵杆以减轻机动时的操控负担、座椅后倾30度以减少过载对飞行员的影响,以及首次采用静不稳定/电传飞行控制系统,使其成为一款敏捷的战斗机。该机配备单台涡扇发动机、一门内置M61 Vulcan机炮和11个挂点。尽管官方名称为“Fighting Falcon”,但该机在机组和飞行员中通常被昵称为“Viper”。

自1978年服役以来,F-16成为美国空军战术空中力量的主力,主要取代了F-105 Thunderchief、A-7 Corsair II和F-4 Phantom II。F-16主要执行打击和压制敌方防空(SEAD)任务,并在后一角色中于1996年取代了F-4G Wild Weasel。除在美国空军、空军预备役司令部和空军国民警卫队单位服役外,该机还被美国空军雷鸟飞行表演队、美国空战司令部F-16 Viper演示队使用,并作为美国海军的假想敌/入侵者飞机。F-16也被25个其他国家的空军采购。来自美国领导的多个联盟的F-16在海湾战争、波斯尼亚、南斯拉夫、阿富汗、利比亚以及伊拉克和叙利亚执行了作战任务。F-16也被以色列、巴基斯坦和乌克兰广泛用于实战。自1982年以来,它一直是美国在欧洲核武器的双重能力飞机平台。许多国家已开始用洛克希德·马丁公司F-35 Lightning II和洛克希德·马丁公司F-16V Viper替换该机,但F-16的早期型号仍在许多运营商中服役。

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图片资料

A right-side view of a YF-16 (foreground) and a Northrop YF-17 , each armed with AIM-9 Sidewinder missiles

A right-side view of a YF-16 (foreground) and a Northrop YF-17 , each armed with AIM-9 Sidewinder missiles

YF-16 on display at the Virginia Air and Space Center

YF-16 on display at the Virginia Air and Space Center

An F-16C of the Colorado Air National Guard with AIM-9 Sidewinder missiles, an Air Combat Maneuvering Instrumentation pod, and a centerline fuel tank (300 US gal or 1,100 L capacity)

An F-16C of the Colorado Air National Guard with AIM-9 Sidewinder missiles, an Air Combat Maneuvering Instrumentation pod, and a centerline fuel tank (300 US gal or 1,100 L capacity)

F-16CJ of the 20th Fighter Wing from Shaw AFB , South Carolina , armed with a mix of air-to-air missiles , anti-radiation missiles , external fuel tanks and support equipment

F-16CJ of the 20th Fighter Wing from Shaw AFB , South Carolina , armed with a mix of air-to-air missiles , anti-radiation missiles , external fuel tanks and support equipment

A Portuguese Air Force F-16A outfitted with AIM-9 Sidewinder missiles, AN/ALQ-131 ECM pod, and external fuel tanks

A Portuguese Air Force F-16A outfitted with AIM-9 Sidewinder missiles, AN/ALQ-131 ECM pod, and external fuel tanks

F-16C of the South Carolina Air National Guard in-flight over North Carolina equipped with air-to-air missiles, bomb rack, targeting pods, and electronic countermeasures pods

F-16C of the South Carolina Air National Guard in-flight over North Carolina equipped with air-to-air missiles, bomb rack, targeting pods, and electronic countermeasures pods

Bubble canopy, allowing all-round visibility

Bubble canopy, allowing all-round visibility

F-16 ground trainer cockpit (F-16 Mid-Life Update (MLU))

F-16 ground trainer cockpit (F-16 Mid-Life Update (MLU))

F-16 pilot with Joint Helmet Mounted Cueing System and cockpit head-up display

F-16 pilot with Joint Helmet Mounted Cueing System and cockpit head-up display

AN/APG-68, as fitted to the nose

AN/APG-68, as fitted to the nose

Afterburner – concentric ring structure inside the exhaust

Afterburner – concentric ring structure inside the exhaust

Adjustable exhaust nozzle in contracted position

Adjustable exhaust nozzle in contracted position

A U.S. Air Force F-16 from the 480th Fighter Squadron takes off from Spangdahlem Air Base in support of Operation Odyssey Dawn

A U.S. Air Force F-16 from the 480th Fighter Squadron takes off from Spangdahlem Air Base in support of Operation Odyssey Dawn

Israeli Air Force F-16A Netz 107 with 6.5 kill marks of other aircraft, a record for an F-16, as well as one kill mark of an Iraqi nuclear reactor . [ 121 ]

Israeli Air Force F-16A Netz 107 with 6.5 kill marks of other aircraft, a record for an F-16, as well as one kill mark of an Iraqi nuclear reactor . [ 121 ]

The PAF F-16BM (S. No. 84-606)

The PAF F-16BM (S. No. 84-606)

F-16 SoloTürk aerial aerobatic aircraft

F-16 SoloTürk aerial aerobatic aircraft

An F-16C of the Egyptian Air Force in 2022

An F-16C of the Egyptian Air Force in 2022

F-16AM in the type's last year of service for the Royal Danish Air Force in 2025.

F-16AM in the type's last year of service for the Royal Danish Air Force in 2025.

Ukrainian Air Force F-16s

Ukrainian Air Force F-16s

Iraqi Air Force F-16C

Iraqi Air Force F-16C

A Republic of China Air Force F-16B landing at Hualien Air Force Base

A Republic of China Air Force F-16B landing at Hualien Air Force Base

Venezuelan Air Force F-16B

Venezuelan Air Force F-16B

Testing of the F-35 diverterless supersonic inlet on an F-16 testbed. The original intake with splitter plate is shown in the top image.

Testing of the F-35 diverterless supersonic inlet on an F-16 testbed. The original intake with splitter plate is shown in the top image.

An F-16D assigned to the 416th Flight Test Squadron, 412th Test Wing, Air Force Test Center, flies over the Mojave Desert near Edwards AFB, California

An F-16D assigned to the 416th Flight Test Squadron, 412th Test Wing, Air Force Test Center, flies over the Mojave Desert near Edwards AFB, California

F-16C Block 50M of the Chilean Air Force

F-16C Block 50M of the Chilean Air Force

United Arab Emirates Air Force F-16E Block 60 with the IFTS pod, CFTs, and various external armament taking off

United Arab Emirates Air Force F-16E Block 60 with the IFTS pod, CFTs, and various external armament taking off

USAF QF-16A, on its first unmanned test flight, over the Gulf of Mexico

USAF QF-16A, on its first unmanned test flight, over the Gulf of Mexico

F-16C Block 52 of the Hellenic Air Force with conformal fuel tanks and Advanced IFF (AIFF)

F-16C Block 52 of the Hellenic Air Force with conformal fuel tanks and Advanced IFF (AIFF)

A U.S. Air Force Thunderbirds pilot ejects from the F-16 just before impact at an air show in September 2003 at Mountain Home Air Force Base

A U.S. Air Force Thunderbirds pilot ejects from the F-16 just before impact at an air show in September 2003 at Mountain Home Air Force Base

The underside of an F-16 during a vertical climb

The underside of an F-16 during a vertical climb

F-16 in afterburner

F-16 in afterburner

Weapons Storage and Security System vault in raised position holding a B61 nuclear bomb , adjacent to an F-16. The vault is within a Protective Aircraft Shelter .

Weapons Storage and Security System vault in raised position holding a B61 nuclear bomb , adjacent to an F-16. The vault is within a Protective Aircraft Shelter .

A view of an AGM-84 Harpoon air-to-surface anti-ship missile fixed under the wing of an F-16 of the Republic of China Air Force

A view of an AGM-84 Harpoon air-to-surface anti-ship missile fixed under the wing of an F-16 of the Republic of China Air Force

F-16 armed with AGM-88 HARMs, AIM-9X Sidewinders, and AIM-120 AMRAAMs during Operation Epic Fury

F-16 armed with AGM-88 HARMs, AIM-9X Sidewinders, and AIM-120 AMRAAMs during Operation Epic Fury