CH-47 Chinook
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CH-47 Chinook

车辆背景与资料

波音CH-47 Chinook是一款纵列式旋翼直升机,最初由美国旋翼机公司Vertol研发,现由波音防务、航天与安全公司制造。Chinook是一款重型直升机,其载重能力仅次于Sikorsky CH-53,是西方第二重的直升机。其名称Chinook源自俄勒冈州和华盛顿州的美洲原住民Chinook部落。

Chinook最初由Vertol设计,该公司于1957年开始研发新型纵列式旋翼直升机,编号为Vertol Model 107或V-107。大约在同一时期,美国陆军部宣布计划用新型燃气涡轮动力直升机取代活塞发动机驱动的Sikorsky CH-37 Mojave。1958年6月,美国陆军以YHC-1A的编号向Vertol订购了少量V-107;经过测试,部分陆军官员认为其对于突击任务而言过重,对于运输任务而言又过轻。虽然YHC-1A经过改进后被美国海军陆战队采用为CH-46 Sea Knight,但陆军寻求更重的运输直升机,并订购了V-107的放大衍生型号,Vertol将其编号为Model 114。该机型最初编号为YHC-1B,于1961年9月21日完成了预生产型旋翼机的首飞。1962年,HC-1B根据1962年美国三军飞机命名系统重新编号为CH-47A。

Chinook具备多种装载各类货物的方式,包括机身上的多扇舱门、位于机身后部的宽大装卸坡道,以及三个外部腹钩用于吊挂载荷。其最高时速可达170节(200英里/小时;310公里/小时),在1962年服役时,该直升机比当时1960年代的通用直升机和攻击直升机快得多,至今仍是美国现役最快的直升机之一。自服役以来,Chinook也已发展出改进和更强大的版本;其中最重要的衍生型号之一是CH-47D,于1982年首次服役;其改进包括升级的发动机、复合材料旋翼桨叶、重新设计的驾驶舱以减轻工作负荷、改进且冗余的电气系统和航空电子设备,以及采用先进的飞行控制系统。它仍然是少数在1960年代初期研发的飞机之一——与固定翼Lockheed C-130 Hercules货运飞机一样——在超过60年的时间里持续生产和服役于前线。

该直升机的军用版本已出口至多个国家;美国陆军和英国皇家空军(参见Boeing Chinook (UK variants))是其最大的两个用户。Chinook的民用版本是Boeing Vertol 234。它不仅被民用运营商用于客运和货运,还用于空中消防,并支持伐木、建筑和石油开采行业。

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图片资料

CH-47 carries a howitzer, 1970

CH-47 carries a howitzer, 1970

HC-1B during in-flight evaluation

HC-1B during in-flight evaluation

A Chinook with its rear ramp lowered

A Chinook with its rear ramp lowered

CH-47F cockpit view, 2022

CH-47F cockpit view, 2022

Soldiers depart a CH-47 during Operation Masher in 1966.

Soldiers depart a CH-47 during Operation Masher in 1966.

A CH-47A delivers a water trailer, 1967.

A CH-47A delivers a water trailer, 1967.

Troops unload from a CH-47 in the Cay Giep Mountains, Vietnam, 1967.

Troops unload from a CH-47 in the Cay Giep Mountains, Vietnam, 1967.

Imperial Iranian Air Force CH-47C in France before delivery in 1971

Imperial Iranian Air Force CH-47C in France before delivery in 1971

U.S. Army soldiers ride inside a Chinook, November 2008.

U.S. Army soldiers ride inside a Chinook, November 2008.

Soldiers wait for pickup by two CH-47s in Afghanistan , 2008

Soldiers wait for pickup by two CH-47s in Afghanistan , 2008

A Boeing CH-47 Chinook at Campbell Army Airfield on 7 August 2012 delivering two Humvees by sling load

A Boeing CH-47 Chinook at Campbell Army Airfield on 7 August 2012 delivering two Humvees by sling load

A CH-47F practicing the pinnacle maneuver whereby soldiers are deposited without the helicopter landing completely

A CH-47F practicing the pinnacle maneuver whereby soldiers are deposited without the helicopter landing completely

Humanitarian assistance being delivered by a Chinook after an earthquake

Humanitarian assistance being delivered by a Chinook after an earthquake

XM34 armament system on ACH-47A "Birth Control" at Vung Tau Air Base

XM34 armament system on ACH-47A "Birth Control" at Vung Tau Air Base

NASA CH-47B

NASA CH-47B

CH-47C of the Italian Army

CH-47C of the Italian Army

CH-47D cockpit

CH-47D cockpit

CH-47D of the Spanish Army taking off from the USS Kearsarge , 2016

CH-47D of the Spanish Army taking off from the USS Kearsarge , 2016

A US Army MH-47E Chinook with in-flight refuelling probe lands aboard USS Kearsarge .

A US Army MH-47E Chinook with in-flight refuelling probe lands aboard USS Kearsarge .

CH-47F during the exercise Southern Accord 2012

CH-47F during the exercise Southern Accord 2012

A Canadian CH-147F at RIAT 2017

A Canadian CH-147F at RIAT 2017

MH-47G Chinook hoisting a Special Boat Team 12 Rigid Hull Inflatable Boat (RHIB) during the MEATS exercise on Moses Lake

MH-47G Chinook hoisting a Special Boat Team 12 Rigid Hull Inflatable Boat (RHIB) during the MEATS exercise on Moses Lake

MH-47G Chinooks over Washington D.C.

MH-47G Chinooks over Washington D.C.

A Japan Ground Self-Defense Force CH-47J, 2014

A Japan Ground Self-Defense Force CH-47J, 2014

RAF Chinooks onboard HMS Ocean

RAF Chinooks onboard HMS Ocean

British Airways Helicopters 234LR at Aberdeen Airport in 1985

British Airways Helicopters 234LR at Aberdeen Airport in 1985

The winged BV-347

The winged BV-347

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Australian Chinook at Camp Riley, Afghanistan, 2012

Australian Chinook at Camp Riley, Afghanistan, 2012

Two Indian Air Force CH-47F Chinooks in March 2019

Two Indian Air Force CH-47F Chinooks in March 2019

Republic of Korea Army Chinook deploying rescue divers in April 2015

Republic of Korea Army Chinook deploying rescue divers in April 2015

Libyan Air Force CH-47 in 2009

Libyan Air Force CH-47 in 2009

A Netherlands Air Force Chinook in Mali

A Netherlands Air Force Chinook in Mali

Spanish C-47D in 2010

Spanish C-47D in 2010

US Air Force Chinook in Freedom Shield 2026 in South Korea

US Air Force Chinook in Freedom Shield 2026 in South Korea

The famed Bravo November helicopter, now retired and on display at RAF Museum Cosford (shown here in 2022)

The famed Bravo November helicopter, now retired and on display at RAF Museum Cosford (shown here in 2022)

CH-47D in Canadian museum

CH-47D in Canadian museum

CH-47C on display at Volandia

CH-47C on display at Volandia