infantry fighting vehicle
Real Vehicle Profile

infantry fighting vehicle

车辆背景与资料

步兵战车(IFV),亦称机械化步兵战斗车(MICV),是一种装甲战斗车辆,旨在将步兵运送到战场并提供直接火力支援,兼具装甲运兵车(APC)与突击炮/轻型坦克的功能。1990年《欧洲常规武装力量条约》将步兵战车定义为"一种装甲战斗车辆,其设计和装备主要用于运送一个战斗步兵班,并装备有至少20毫米口径的内置或有机火炮,有时还配备反坦克导弹发射器"。步兵战车通常既作为机械化步兵单位的主要武器系统,也作为其运输工具。

步兵战车与传统装甲运兵车不同,后者主要用于运送步兵,仅配备自卫武器,并非专门设计用于作为独立战斗车辆作战。步兵战车的设计机动性优于坦克,装备有速射自动炮或传统坦克炮,通常辅以外置导弹发射器用于反坦克和防空作战;其侧面可能设有射击孔,供车内步兵使用轻武器射击。

由于对火力强于装甲运兵车、且比坦克更经济易维护的车辆需求,步兵战车迅速在全球军队中普及。然而,由于装甲运兵车在特定任务中仍具实用价值,步兵战车并未完全取代后者。部分军队仍同时维持步兵战车和装甲运兵车的装备体系。

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图片资料

A Polish BWP Borsuk amphibious tracked infantry fighting vehicle, armed with 30mm Mk44S Bushmaster II autocannon .
A Polish BWP Borsuk amphibious tracked infantry fighting vehicle, armed with 30mm Mk44S Bushmaster II autocannon .
A Russian BMP-3 , armed with a 2A70 100 mm low-pressure rifled cannon, with embarked infantry. The gun is capable of launching the high-explosive fragmentation projectiles, as well as the 9M117 Bastion gun-launched anti-tank guided missiles .
A Russian BMP-3 , armed with a 2A70 100 mm low-pressure rifled cannon, with embarked infantry. The gun is capable of launching the high-explosive fragmentation projectiles, as well as the 9M117 Bastion gun-launched anti-tank guided missiles .
West German troops aboard a Schützenpanzer Lang HS.30 , the world's first well-known IFV. (1965)
West German troops aboard a Schützenpanzer Lang HS.30 , the world's first well-known IFV. (1965)
An East German BMP-1 with eight passengers (1988)
An East German BMP-1 with eight passengers (1988)
The Ratel , the first wheeled IFV, introduced a number of novel features, such as a mine-protected hull. [ 14 ]
The Ratel , the first wheeled IFV, introduced a number of novel features, such as a mine-protected hull. [ 14 ]
Soldiers from the 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment load into the rear of an M2 Bradley in Iraq.
Soldiers from the 3rd Armored Cavalry Regiment load into the rear of an M2 Bradley in Iraq.
A typical configuration of a tracked infantry fighting vehicle
A typical configuration of a tracked infantry fighting vehicle
Chinese ZBD-04 A infantry fighting vehicle
Chinese ZBD-04 A infantry fighting vehicle
A Marder fires a MILAN anti-tank missile.
A Marder fires a MILAN anti-tank missile.
Iranian Makran IFV
Iranian Makran IFV