de Havilland Canada DHC-2 Beaver
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de Havilland Canada DHC-2 Beaver

车辆背景与资料

de Havilland Canada DHC-2 Beaver 是一款由 de Havilland Canada 研发制造的单引擎高翼螺旋桨短距起降(STOL)飞机。它主要作为丛林飞机运营,并被广泛用于多种通用任务,例如货物和乘客运输、航空作业(作物喷洒和航空施肥)以及民用航空职责。

第二次世界大战结束后不久,de Havilland Canada 决定面向民用运营商。根据飞行员的反馈,公司决定所设想的飞机应具备出色的短距起降性能、全金属结构,并满足丛林飞机运营商寻求的许多特性。1947年8月16日,被指定为 DHC-2 Beaver 的飞机完成了首飞。1948年4月,第一架生产型飞机交付给安大略省土地和森林部。一架皇家新西兰空军(RNZAF)的 Beaver 在埃德蒙·希拉里爵士著名的1958年英联邦横穿南极探险中扮演了支援角色。

除了在民用运营中的使用外,Beaver 还被武装部队广泛采用作为通用飞机。美国陆军购买了数百架飞机;九架 DHC-2 仍在美军辅助部队(民用航空巡逻队)中用于搜救任务。到1967年,在原始生产线关闭之前,已制造了超过1600架 Beaver。各种飞机经过了再制造和升级。此外,还提出了各种将 Beaver 恢复生产的建议。

Beaver 的多功能性和性能使其成为服务于加拿大北部偏远地区的丛林飞行员的首选飞机,航空历史学家认为它是加拿大的象征。1987年,加拿大工程百年委员会将 DHC-2 评为20世纪十大加拿大工程成就之一。加拿大皇家造币厂在1999年11月发行的特别版加拿大25分硬币和2008年发行的50分纪念金币上向该飞机致敬。大量飞机在21世纪仍在运营,而 Beaver 的工装和型号证书已被 Viking Air 收购,后者后来重组为 De Havilland Canada,继续生产替换部件并翻新该型号的飞机。

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图片资料

A Beaver, operated by Freebird Wilderness Tours, at Airport Niederrhein in Germany
A Beaver, operated by Freebird Wilderness Tours, at Airport Niederrhein in Germany
DHC-2 on floats, operated by Kenmore Air
DHC-2 on floats, operated by Kenmore Air
Instrument panel of a DHC-2 – note the single pilot's yoke, which can be handed over to the co-pilot in flight.
Instrument panel of a DHC-2 – note the single pilot's yoke, which can be handed over to the co-pilot in flight.
Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources deHavilland DHC-2 Mk 3 Turbo Beavers on amphibious floats in Dryden, Ontario in 1995
Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources deHavilland DHC-2 Mk 3 Turbo Beavers on amphibious floats in Dryden, Ontario in 1995
Wipaire Boss Beaver conversion with PT6 turbine engine, retaining original fin shape and fitted with floats, at Bartow Municipal Airport, Florida in 2011
Wipaire Boss Beaver conversion with PT6 turbine engine, retaining original fin shape and fitted with floats, at Bartow Municipal Airport, Florida in 2011
A Beaver on floats
A Beaver on floats
DHC-2 MK. III Turbo Beaver
DHC-2 MK. III Turbo Beaver
The Harbour Air e-Beaver
The Harbour Air e-Beaver
A British Army Beaver flying at RIAT 2006
A British Army Beaver flying at RIAT 2006
600 hp (447 kW) PZL engine modification
600 hp (447 kW) PZL engine modification
RNZAF Beaver that supported the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition
RNZAF Beaver that supported the Commonwealth Trans-Antarctic Expedition
Argentine Air Force Beaver in Antarctica
Argentine Air Force Beaver in Antarctica
U.S. Army example
U.S. Army example
U-6A Beaver at the National Museum of the United States Air Force
U-6A Beaver at the National Museum of the United States Air Force
U-6A Beaver aircraft on display
U-6A Beaver aircraft on display
DHC-2 Beaver OH-MVM in Maritime Centre Vellamo in Kotka, Finland
DHC-2 Beaver OH-MVM in Maritime Centre Vellamo in Kotka, Finland
IIAF DHC-2 Beaver in Saadabad Museum in Tehran, Iran
IIAF DHC-2 Beaver in Saadabad Museum in Tehran, Iran
A U-6 Beaver on display at the War Memorial of Korea
A U-6 Beaver on display at the War Memorial of Korea
N952DB, the DHC-2 destroyed in the 2019 Alaska mid-air collision , seen in 2015
N952DB, the DHC-2 destroyed in the 2019 Alaska mid-air collision , seen in 2015
DHC-2 Beaver c/n 1 at Canada Aviation and Space Museum
DHC-2 Beaver c/n 1 at Canada Aviation and Space Museum
Defected ROCAF U-6A on display in Beijing
Defected ROCAF U-6A on display in Beijing
IRIAF L-20B at Mehrabad International Airport in Tehran
IRIAF L-20B at Mehrabad International Airport in Tehran
DHC-2 of Yugoslav Air Force in Belgrade
DHC-2 of Yugoslav Air Force in Belgrade
U-6A c/n 1163 at the Heritage Flight Museum
U-6A c/n 1163 at the Heritage Flight Museum
3-view line drawing of the de Havilland Canada L-20A Beaver
3-view line drawing of the de Havilland Canada L-20A Beaver