BMP-1

A Polish BMP-1 (BWP-1) during a training exercise in 2016

Real Vehicle Profile

BMP-1

车辆背景与资料

BMP-1是一款苏联两栖履带式步兵战车,自1966年服役至今。BMP是Boyevaya Mashina Pyekhoty 1(俄语:Боевая Машина Пехоты 1;БМП-1)的缩写,意为“步兵战车,第一量产型号”。BMP-1是苏联首款量产步兵战车(IFV)。在正确型号公布前,北约曾将其称为M-1967、BMP和BMP-76PB。

苏联军方领导层认为任何未来战争都将在核、化学和生物武器环境下进行。像BMP这样的新设计,结合了装甲运兵车(APC)和轻型坦克的特性,将使步兵能够在受污染区域从其装甲防辐射的内部相对安全地行动,并在未受污染区域与其协同作战。它将提高步兵班的机动性,为其提供火力支援,并能与主战坦克协同作战。

BMP-1在1973年的赎罪日战争中首次投入实战,由埃及和叙利亚军队使用。基于此次冲突的经验教训以及苏联-阿富汗战争的早期经验,开发了具有改进战斗性能的BMP-2型号。该型号于1980年8月被正式列装。

1987年,采用全新武器系统、经过彻底重新设计的BMP-3开始少量装备苏联军队。

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图片资料

An East German BMP-1 with eight passengers
An East German BMP-1 with eight passengers
A rear view of a plinthed BMP-1 in Lebyazhye, Lomonosovsky District, Leningrad Oblast
A rear view of a plinthed BMP-1 in Lebyazhye, Lomonosovsky District, Leningrad Oblast
Two Bulgarian Army soldiers man the driver's and gunner's stations, while a US Army soldier occupies the commander's position of a Bulgarian BMP-1 IFV.
Two Bulgarian Army soldiers man the driver's and gunner's stations, while a US Army soldier occupies the commander's position of a Bulgarian BMP-1 IFV.
The gunner's station of a BMP-1 training turret at Parola Tank Museum , Finland. Note the ammunition stowage.
The gunner's station of a BMP-1 training turret at Parola Tank Museum , Finland. Note the ammunition stowage.
A view of the BMP-1's turret at Bolling Air Force Base
A view of the BMP-1's turret at Bolling Air Force Base
The BMP-1's firing ports location and firing arcs
The BMP-1's firing ports location and firing arcs
A BMP-1 troop compartment (Polish-modified)
A BMP-1 troop compartment (Polish-modified)
Iraqi BMP-1 in a field after being hit several times and burnt out during Operation Desert Storm , 1 February 1991
Iraqi BMP-1 in a field after being hit several times and burnt out during Operation Desert Storm , 1 February 1991
The rear doors are hollow fuel tanks, each has a periscope at the top, and the left door has a firing port.
The rear doors are hollow fuel tanks, each has a periscope at the top, and the left door has a firing port.
One side of the troop compartment. Seats are back to back with a fuel tank between them. Fume extractors can be seen on the hull to the right, these clip on to weapons when they are used through the firing ports.
One side of the troop compartment. Seats are back to back with a fuel tank between them. Fume extractors can be seen on the hull to the right, these clip on to weapons when they are used through the firing ports.
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Operators: .mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{} Current Former
Two abandoned Afghan Army BMP-1s in Afghanistan in 2005.
Two abandoned Afghan Army BMP-1s in Afghanistan in 2005.
Syrian BMP-1 during military parade in 1990.
Syrian BMP-1 during military parade in 1990.
Ukrainian army BMP-1
Ukrainian army BMP-1