M1 Abrams

A U.S. Army M1A2 SEPv3 conducting training in Poland in 2024.

Real Vehicle Profile

M1 Abrams

正文介绍

车辆背景与资料

M1 Abrams（/b r ə m z/）是一款由克莱斯勒防务公司（现通用动力陆地系统公司）设计、以克里顿·艾布拉姆斯将军命名的美国第三代主战坦克。它为现代装甲地面战争而设计，是现役最重的坦克之一，重量接近73.6短吨（66.8公吨）。它为美国装甲部队引入了多项现代技术，包括多燃料涡轮发动机、先进的乔巴姆复合装甲、计算机火控系统、隔舱化弹药储存以及用于乘员安全的核生化防护。M1的早期型号装备105毫米M68火炮，而后期改型则采用了特许生产的莱茵金属120毫米L/44火炮，定型为M256。

M1 Abrams源自失败的美国-西德联合MBT-70项目，该项目旨在取代过时的M60坦克。艾布拉姆斯主要有三个作战版本：M1、M1A1和M1A2，每个新版本都在武器、防护和电子设备方面进行了改进。

艾布拉姆斯原计划由XM1202车载战斗系统接替其在美军中的服役，但在该项目取消后，陆军选择通过升级光学设备、装甲和火力，在可预见的未来继续维护和使用M1系列。

M1 Abrams于1980年服役，作为美国陆军的主战坦克，并曾是美国海军陆战队（USMC）的主战坦克，直至2021年所有USMC坦克营退役。其出口改型被埃及、科威特、沙特阿拉伯、澳大利亚、波兰和伊拉克的武装部队使用。艾布拉姆斯首次在海湾战争中被美国投入实战。此后，它被美国部署于阿富汗战争和伊拉克战争，也被伊拉克用于打击伊斯兰国的战争，沙特阿拉伯用于也门内战，以及乌克兰在俄乌冲突中使用。

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Gallery

图片资料

MBT-70 (German: Kampfpanzer 70)
MBT-70 (German: Kampfpanzer 70)
Chrysler XM1 prototype
Chrysler XM1 prototype
General Motors XM1 prototype
General Motors XM1 prototype
Finalized M1 scale model
Finalized M1 scale model
M1 Abrams tank being inspected upon assembly at the Chrysler Lima Army Tank Plant, 1979.
M1 Abrams tank being inspected upon assembly at the Chrysler Lima Army Tank Plant, 1979.
An XM1 pilot during trials in 1979
An XM1 pilot during trials in 1979
Early production vehicle in 1983
Early production vehicle in 1983
M1 Abrams tanks being refurbished at the Anniston Army Depot in 1989
M1 Abrams tanks being refurbished at the Anniston Army Depot in 1989
Abrams tanks move out on a mission during Operation Desert Storm in 1991. A Bradley IFV and a logistics convoy can be seen in the background.
Abrams tanks move out on a mission during Operation Desert Storm in 1991. A Bradley IFV and a logistics convoy can be seen in the background.
A destroyed M1A1, hit in the rear grill by a Hellfire missile and penetrated by a sabot tank round from the left side to right (see exit hole) in Operation Desert Storm, 1991.
A destroyed M1A1, hit in the rear grill by a Hellfire missile and penetrated by a sabot tank round from the left side to right (see exit hole) in Operation Desert Storm, 1991.
M1A1 tank beside the burning compound of the Waco Siege
M1A1 tank beside the burning compound of the Waco Siege
A U.S. Marine Corps M1A1 Abrams fires its main gun into a building during the Second Battle of Fallujah , 2004.
A U.S. Marine Corps M1A1 Abrams fires its main gun into a building during the Second Battle of Fallujah , 2004.
Two U.S. Army M1A2 Abrams in Iraq, 2005
Two U.S. Army M1A2 Abrams in Iraq, 2005
M1A1M Abrams tanks in Iraqi service, January 2011
M1A1M Abrams tanks in Iraqi service, January 2011
A M1A1 Abrams on patrol in Helmand Province, Afghanistan in 2012
A M1A1 Abrams on patrol in Helmand Province, Afghanistan in 2012
A destroyed US-supplied M1A1 SA-UKR Abrams in Ukrainian service on display at Moscow's Victory Park on Poklonnaya Hill , 2024
A destroyed US-supplied M1A1 SA-UKR Abrams in Ukrainian service on display at Moscow's Victory Park on Poklonnaya Hill , 2024
An M1 Abrams hull undergoing work on the suspension system at the Joint Systems Manufacturing Center in Lima, Ohio, 2021.
An M1 Abrams hull undergoing work on the suspension system at the Joint Systems Manufacturing Center in Lima, Ohio, 2021.
U.S. M1A1s during the Foal Eagle 1998 training exercises in South Korea, with their factory single green paint scheme
U.S. M1A1s during the Foal Eagle 1998 training exercises in South Korea, with their factory single green paint scheme
Tankers drive an M1A1 Abrams through the Taunus Mountains north of Frankfurt , Germany during Exercise Ready Crucible in February 2005.
Tankers drive an M1A1 Abrams through the Taunus Mountains north of Frankfurt , Germany during Exercise Ready Crucible in February 2005.
U.S. Marines with the 2nd Tank Battalion, 2nd Marine Division , advance on their eastern objective defended by opposing Spanish forces during Exercise Trident Juncture 18 near Dalholen, Norway , 3 November 2018.
U.S. Marines with the 2nd Tank Battalion, 2nd Marine Division , advance on their eastern objective defended by opposing Spanish forces during Exercise Trident Juncture 18 near Dalholen, Norway , 3 November 2018.
A U.S. Army M1A1 with M32 tiles mounted on top of M19 reactive armor tiles in 2017
A U.S. Army M1A1 with M32 tiles mounted on top of M19 reactive armor tiles in 2017
An M1A2 with TUSK
An M1A2 with TUSK
An M1A1 Abrams with an Abrams Integrated Management System (AIM) and the Tank Urban Survivability Kit (TUSK) conducting a patrol in Baghdad, 2007.
An M1A1 Abrams with an Abrams Integrated Management System (AIM) and the Tank Urban Survivability Kit (TUSK) conducting a patrol in Baghdad, 2007.
The Trophy Active Protection System (APS) was installed and tested on a USMC M1A1 Abrams in 2017.
The Trophy Active Protection System (APS) was installed and tested on a USMC M1A1 Abrams in 2017.
XM1 interior
XM1 interior
105 mm APFSDS rounds being laid out in Operation Desert Shield, 1991.
105 mm APFSDS rounds being laid out in Operation Desert Shield, 1991.
An M1A1 firing its main gun as seen from the loader's hatch in joint exercises with the French Foreign Legion .
An M1A1 firing its main gun as seen from the loader's hatch in joint exercises with the French Foreign Legion .
A commander (left) and loader man their 12.7 mm M2HB and 7.62 mm M240 machine guns of their 105 mm-armed M1 in 1981
A commander (left) and loader man their 12.7 mm M2HB and 7.62 mm M240 machine guns of their 105 mm-armed M1 in 1981
View through an M1A2 Abrams' thermal optic
View through an M1A2 Abrams' thermal optic
A soldier assisting in the critical job of "boresighting" the alignment of all the tank's sights to the center of the axis of the bore of the main gun on an M1A1 Abrams in Mosul , Iraq, in January 2005 [ nb 2 ]
A soldier assisting in the critical job of "boresighting" the alignment of all the tank's sights to the center of the axis of the bore of the main gun on an M1A1 Abrams in Mosul , Iraq, in January 2005 [ nb 2 ]
Abrams Integrated Display and Targeting System (AIDATS) on a USMC M1A1
Abrams Integrated Display and Targeting System (AIDATS) on a USMC M1A1
Marines from 1st Tank Battalion load a Honeywell AGT1500 multifuel turbine back into a tank at Camp Coyote, Kuwait, February 2003.
Marines from 1st Tank Battalion load a Honeywell AGT1500 multifuel turbine back into a tank at Camp Coyote, Kuwait, February 2003.
M1A1 driving controls
M1A1 driving controls
An American M1A1 fitted with an external auxiliary power unit in Operation Desert Storm
An American M1A1 fitted with an external auxiliary power unit in Operation Desert Storm
A U.S. Marine M1A1 fitted with snorkel attachment and bustle rack extension
A U.S. Marine M1A1 fitted with snorkel attachment and bustle rack extension
82nd Airborne paratroopers ride on an M1A2 Abrams by tank desant .
82nd Airborne paratroopers ride on an M1A2 Abrams by tank desant .
A U.S. Army M1A1 after being offloaded from a U.S. Air Force C-17 at Balad Air Base , Iraq in 2004
A U.S. Army M1A1 after being offloaded from a U.S. Air Force C-17 at Balad Air Base , Iraq in 2004
A Marine M1A1 offloading from a Landing Craft Air Cushioned vehicle
A Marine M1A1 offloading from a Landing Craft Air Cushioned vehicle
M1 Abrams U.S. platoon organization
M1 Abrams U.S. platoon organization
Hoisted power pack; Top left section: Engine lubricating-oil cooler heat exchanger (HE). Lower section: Transmission. Lower rear: High Temperature-HE (HTHE) "Recuperator". [ 225 ] [ 226 ] [ 227 ]
Hoisted power pack; Top left section: Engine lubricating-oil cooler heat exchanger (HE). Lower section: Transmission. Lower rear: High Temperature-HE (HTHE) "Recuperator". [ 225 ] [ 226 ] [ 227 ]
An original M1 Abrams alongside the West German Leopard 2 demonstrated in Switzerland in 1981
An original M1 Abrams alongside the West German Leopard 2 demonstrated in Switzerland in 1981
An M1A1 in U.S. Army service at Fort Knox , Kentucky in 1988
An M1A1 in U.S. Army service at Fort Knox , Kentucky in 1988
A Kuwaiti Army M1A2 fires at a target at a live-fire range near Camp Buehring , Kuwait in 2012.
A Kuwaiti Army M1A2 fires at a target at a live-fire range near Camp Buehring , Kuwait in 2012.
A Saudi Arabian M1A2S moving into position during Exercise Eager Lion , 2022
A Saudi Arabian M1A2S moving into position during Exercise Eager Lion , 2022
M1A2 SEPv3
M1A2 SEPv3
AbramsX at AUSA 2022
AbramsX at AUSA 2022
Early prototype of the M1E3 Abrams at the 2026 Detroit Auto Show
Early prototype of the M1E3 Abrams at the 2026 Detroit Auto Show
Tank Test Bed prototype at the U.S. Army Armor & Cavalry Collection , Fort Benning
Tank Test Bed prototype at the U.S. Army Armor & Cavalry Collection , Fort Benning
Surrogate Research Vehicle c. 1985. Note the four crew members located in the hull.
Surrogate Research Vehicle c. 1985. Note the four crew members located in the hull.
Panther II in 2002
Panther II in 2002
A Grizzly Combat Mobility Vehicle (CMV)
A Grizzly Combat Mobility Vehicle (CMV)
An Australian Abrams tank in 2021
An Australian Abrams tank in 2021
Egyptian Abrams tank deployed during the 2011 Egyptian Revolution
Egyptian Abrams tank deployed during the 2011 Egyptian Revolution
A Polish M1A1 SA in 2024
A Polish M1A1 SA in 2024
M1A1 SA-UKR tanks intended for Ukraine arriving in Germany, May 2023
M1A1 SA-UKR tanks intended for Ukraine arriving in Germany, May 2023