Lockheed Martin F-35
Real Vehicle Profile

Lockheed Martin F-35

车辆背景与资料

Lockheed Martin F-35 Lightning II 是一款美国研发的单座、单引擎、超音速隐身攻击战斗机家族。作为一款为夺取空中优势和执行打击任务而设计的多用途作战飞机,它还具备电子战以及情报、监视和侦察能力。Lockheed Martin 是主承包商,合作伙伴包括 Northrop Grumman 和 BAE Systems。该机型有三个主要变体:常规起降的 F-35A、短距起飞和垂直降落的 F-35B,以及航母弹射起飞但拦阻着舰的 F-35C。截至2025年[更新],已有883架该型飞机服役,使其成为全球第四大数量的军用飞机,也是数量最多的隐身飞机。

该机型源自 Lockheed Martin X-35,后者在2001年击败 Boeing X-32,赢得了联合攻击战斗机计划,旨在取代 F-16 Fighting Falcon、F/A-18 Hornet 和 McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II 等机型。研发资金主要由美国提供,部分北约成员国和澳大利亚也提供了额外资金;土耳其于2019年被排除在该计划之外。截至2026年4月[更新],美国运营着所有三种主要变体;意大利和日本运营 F-35A 和 F-35B 变体;澳大利亚、比利时、丹麦、荷兰、挪威、波兰和韩国运营 F-35A;英国运营 F-35B。以色列运营其自有的 F-35I 变体。另有六个北约成员国以及瑞士和新加坡也已下单,其他国家正在考虑采购。

该计划因其前所未有的规模、复杂性、不断膨胀的成本和延迟交付而受到批评,部分原因是其开发期间的低速初始生产。截至2024年[更新],预计该计划到2088年的总成本约为2万亿美元。截至2024年,不含发动机的平均出厂成本为:F-35A,8250万美元;F-35B,1.09亿美元;F-35C,1.021亿美元。截至2025年,一台F135发动机的成本为2040万美元。

F-35于2006年首飞;其变体于2015年(海军陆战队 F-35B)、2016年(空军 F-35A)和2019年(海军 F-35C)开始在美国服役。F-35首次投入实战是在2018年以色列对叙利亚的空袭中,F-35B于2018年在美军对阿富汗的打击中首次使用,F-35C则于2024年在美军对也门的打击中首次使用。此后,F-35已被美国用于在伊拉克、伊朗(2025年和2026年)和委内瑞拉的战斗;被以色列用于在加沙、伊拉克、伊朗(2025年和2026年)、黎巴嫩和也门的战斗;以及被英国用于在伊拉克和叙利亚的战斗。F-35A可携带两枚美国B61核炸弹,包括部署在荷兰和英国的核弹。比利时、德国、意大利和英国计划购买具备核能力的F-35A;以色列的F-35I可能能够投放以色列核武器。美国计划到2044年购买2456架F-35,这将在未来几十年内构成其有人驾驶固定翼战术航空力量的主体;该机型将成为北约和美国盟友空中力量的基石,并服役至2088年。

关联 GTA 载具

图片资料

X-35B flying over Edwards Air Force Base
X-35B flying over Edwards Air Force Base
An F-35 wind tunnel testing model in 16-foot (5 m) transonic wind tunnel at the Arnold Engineering Development Center
An F-35 wind tunnel testing model in 16-foot (5 m) transonic wind tunnel at the Arnold Engineering Development Center
The first F-35A prototype, AA-1, being towed to its inauguration ceremony on 7 July 2006
The first F-35A prototype, AA-1, being towed to its inauguration ceremony on 7 July 2006
The first F-35C flight sciences aircraft, CF-01, conducts a test flight over the Chesapeake Bay in February 2011.
The first F-35C flight sciences aircraft, CF-01, conducts a test flight over the Chesapeake Bay in February 2011.
Sailors prepare to taxi an F-35C Lightning II on aircraft carrier USS Carl Vinson .
Sailors prepare to taxi an F-35C Lightning II on aircraft carrier USS Carl Vinson .
(From the top) F-35A of the 33rd FW , F-35B of VMFAT-501 and F-35C of VFA-101 near Eglin AFB , 2014
(From the top) F-35A of the 33rd FW , F-35B of VMFAT-501 and F-35C of VFA-101 near Eglin AFB , 2014
A vortex forms around the body of the aircraft
A vortex forms around the body of the aircraft
The AN/AAQ-40 Electro-Optical Target System (EOTS) under the nose of an F-35A
The AN/AAQ-40 Electro-Optical Target System (EOTS) under the nose of an F-35A
AN/APG-81 AESA radar antenna
AN/APG-81 AESA radar antenna
The sawtooth design on the landing gear door and access panels
The sawtooth design on the landing gear door and access panels
F-35 cockpit simulator
F-35 cockpit simulator
The F-35's helmet-mounted display system
The F-35's helmet-mounted display system
F-35A with all weapon bay doors open
F-35A with all weapon bay doors open
F-35A weapon bays with two GBU-31(V)3 bombs and 2 AIM-120 AMRAAM
F-35A weapon bays with two GBU-31(V)3 bombs and 2 AIM-120 AMRAAM
Illustration of the STOVL swivel nozzle, lift fan, and roll-control posts
Illustration of the STOVL swivel nozzle, lift fan, and roll-control posts
The first delivered USAF F-35A on its delivery flight to Eglin AFB, July 2011
The first delivered USAF F-35A on its delivery flight to Eglin AFB, July 2011
U.S. Marine Corps F-35B lands on JS Izumo
U.S. Marine Corps F-35B lands on JS Izumo
The first F-35C Lightning II sortie takes off from VFA-101 at Eglin Air Force Base
The first F-35C Lightning II sortie takes off from VFA-101 at Eglin Air Force Base
A pair of F-35Cs and F/A-18E/Fs fly over NAS Fallon , home of TOPGUN , in September 2015.
A pair of F-35Cs and F/A-18E/Fs fly over NAS Fallon , home of TOPGUN , in September 2015.
VFA-147 F-35C catches the wire on USS George Washington
VFA-147 F-35C catches the wire on USS George Washington
F-35B ZM148 of No. 617 Squadron landing on HMS Queen Elizabeth , 2019
F-35B ZM148 of No. 617 Squadron landing on HMS Queen Elizabeth , 2019
Four F-35As assigned to No. 3 Squadron RAAF in 2023
Four F-35As assigned to No. 3 Squadron RAAF in 2023
F-35A in afterburner at JASDF Misawa Air Base
F-35A in afterburner at JASDF Misawa Air Base
First Norwegian F-35A Lightning II at Luke Air Force Base, Arizona
First Norwegian F-35A Lightning II at Luke Air Force Base, Arizona
JASDF F-35A Lightning II prepares to receive fuel from a USAF KC-135 Stratotanker in February 2025.
JASDF F-35A Lightning II prepares to receive fuel from a USAF KC-135 Stratotanker in February 2025.
F-35B cutaway with lift fan
F-35B cutaway with lift fan
One of the RAAF's first two F-35As in December 2014
One of the RAAF's first two F-35As in December 2014
A Japan Air Self-Defense Force F-35A in flight
A Japan Air Self-Defense Force F-35A in flight
An F-35A Lightning II of the Royal Norwegian Air Force refueled by a KC-135 Stratotanker over the UK in September 2024
An F-35A Lightning II of the Royal Norwegian Air Force refueled by a KC-135 Stratotanker over the UK in September 2024
First four RAF F-35Bs on a delivery flight to RAF Marham , June 2018
First four RAF F-35Bs on a delivery flight to RAF Marham , June 2018
USN F-35C performs a touch-and-go landing aboard USS Abraham Lincoln .
USN F-35C performs a touch-and-go landing aboard USS Abraham Lincoln .
F-35A three-view drawing
F-35A three-view drawing
F-35C with external hardpoints during its "Beast Mode"
F-35C with external hardpoints during its "Beast Mode"